Medial Rectus

The Medial Rectus Muscle (MRM) is one of six extraocular muscles that control eye movement. It's responsible for turning the eye inward (adduction).

Anatomy:

• Origin: Common tendinous ring.

• Course: Runs along the medial wall of the orbit.

• Insertion: Sclera on the medial side of the eyeball.

• Innervation: Inferior Division of the Oculomotor Nerve.

Detection:

• Cover Test: Detects horizontal eye misalignment.

• Prism Cover Test: Measures horizontal deviations.

• Versions and Ductions: Observing eye movements in different directions.

• Convergence Testing: Near point of convergence (NPC) measurement, jump convergence testing.

• Hirschberg Test: Gross assessment of ocular alignment.

• Krimsky Test: Measuring strabismus in uncooperative patients.

• Saccade Testing: Evaluating rapid eye movements.

• Forced Duction Test: Differentiating paralytic from restrictive strabismus.

• Force Generation Test: Assessing MRM strength.

• Electromyography (EMG): Analyzing muscle function and innervation.

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Imaging the muscle and orbit.

Orthoptics Role:

• Exotropia: Assessing MRM function in divergent strabismus.

• Convergence Insufficiency: Evaluating MRM function in near vision problems.

• Third Nerve Palsy: Diagnosing and managing MRM weakness.

• Duane Syndrome: Evaluating co-contraction of Lateral and Medial Rectus muscles.

• Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO): Assessing MRM function.

Orthoptic Treatments:

• Prism Therapy: Prescribing prisms to correct deviations.

• Occlusion Therapy: Patching to manage diplopia.

• Orthoptic Exercises: Improving MRM function and coordination.

• Convergence Exercises: Enhancing near vision.

• Pencil Push-ups: Improving convergence ability.

• Computer-Based Vision Therapy: Training eye movements.

• Synoptophore Exercises: For binocular vision disorders.

• Botulinum Toxin Assistance: Weakening overacting MRM.

• Patient Education: Providing information and support.

• Pre and Post-Surgical Care: Preparing and supporting patients.

Orthoptists play a crucial role in managing Medial Rectus muscle disorders, working closely with ophthalmologists for both non-surgical and surgical interventions

Note : This document serves educational purposes exclusively and does not constitute medical advice or treatment guidelines